How Mukim Batu Puteh’s Eco-Tourism Revolution is Transforming Sabah and Attracting Global Visitors

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Three decades ago, youths in Mukim Batu Puteh could only watch from the riverbank as foreign tourist boats cruised along the Kinabatangan River, with little to no economic benefit flowing back into their community. Over the years, however, that scene has dramatically changed, as community-based tourism has become a driving force for local development.

Located amidst forest reserves, the once-quiet sub-district has transformed into a shining example of successful community-led tourism. This change was driven by the Batu Puteh Sub-District Tourism Cooperative (KOPEL) Bhd, which was officially established in 2003. The cooperative’s success has been fueled by the active involvement of the local community, making sustainable tourism a cornerstone of economic growth.

From Modest Beginnings to Global Recognition

The journey to success began in 1996 with the launch of the Model of Ecology, Community and Conservation Tourism (MESCOT) initiative, which laid the foundation for what would become KOPEL. The program raised awareness among local villagers, emphasizing that nature, when managed responsibly, could become a sustainable source of livelihood.

Starting with a simple homestay programme, KOPEL expanded its offerings to include a variety of accommodation options, such as eco camps, super camps, Mandaa Stay, and hammer camps. These unique accommodations cater mainly to international visitors who seek immersive experiences with nature.

In 2021, Batu Puteh earned international recognition when it was named the Best Tourism Village by the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). This accolade brought significant attention to the area and paved the way for greater collaboration with the Forestry Department, leading to the Pin-Supu Forest Reserve receiving Green List certification from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Wildlife Adventures and Ecotourism

One of the standout features of the Batu Puteh tourism experience is its wildlife safaris along the Kinabatangan River, where visitors can spot the region’s famous “Big Five” wildlife: pygmy elephants, orangutans, proboscis monkeys, hornbills, and crocodiles. The river, which was once a premier wildlife observation site in Southeast Asia, is now at the heart of the community’s tourism efforts.

Today, KOPEL welcomes 3,000 to 4,000 visitors annually, with a significant portion of these visitors being international student groups. The cooperative’s success lies not only in its natural beauty but also in its dedication to promoting a green economy. Visitors are not just passive tourists; they actively engage in conservation efforts, including tree planting, water quality monitoring, and cave restoration. These activities are a key part of the experience, helping to instill a sense of environmental stewardship among visitors and local residents alike.

A Strong Commitment to Sustainability and Local Employment

KOPEL’s commitment to a sustainable green economy has been a game changer for the community. Unlike traditional tourism models that rely heavily on external investments, KOPEL’s eco-tourism initiatives have empowered locals to take control of their own economic destinies. The cooperative’s work provides jobs while fostering a strong sense of ownership among the community members.

Among the local youth, nearly 90% of the workforce is under the age of 40, with roles spanning from nature guides and boat operators to forest management and conservation personnel. This inclusive employment model ensures that individuals, regardless of their academic background or English proficiency, are given a chance to participate in community-driven tourism. This approach helps promote diversity within the workforce and ensures that the benefits of tourism are spread widely across the local population.

Mohd Faijan Mustapah, KOPEL’s Operations Manager, began his career as a nature guide, spending seven years honing his skills before transitioning into management. His journey within KOPEL has been a testament to how community-based tourism can empower local individuals, helping them develop leadership skills and a deeper appreciation for their natural surroundings. Additionally, Faijan has cultivated a passion for wildlife photography and birdwatching, further enhancing his connection to the area’s biodiversity.

Diversifying Income Streams for Long-Term Economic Stability

In order to strengthen its long-term economic resilience, KOPEL has begun diversifying its income streams. In late 2025, the cooperative took a significant step by operating the 283-hectare Seri Butong Oil Palm Plantation, which provides an alternative source of income, reducing its reliance on tourism alone. KOPEL has also begun cultivating Red Durian, also known as Marang, a fruit native to Sabah’s east coast. The cooperative plans to commercialize this crop, further expanding its revenue streams and supporting the region’s agricultural industry.

Community Transformation and Livelihood Changes

The transformation of Mukim Batu Puteh into a community-based tourism hub has had a profound impact on the lives of its residents. One such story is that of Mohd Hasri Raman, a former fisherman who, after joining KOPEL, now interacts daily with international visitors, gaining exposure to different cultures and languages. This opportunity has not only transformed his livelihood but has also expanded his worldview, showing how community tourism can truly change lives.

Once confined to the banks of the Kinabatangan River, watching foreign tourist boats pass by, the youths of Mukim Batu Puteh now have an active role in shaping the region’s tourism industry. From managing eco-tourism ventures to participating in conservation activities, they are an integral part of the community’s success story.

Future Growth and Expanded Marketing Efforts

With Visit Malaysia Year 2026 on the horizon, KOPEL is ramping up its marketing efforts to attract even more visitors to experience the wonders of Sabah’s wildlife. The aim is to further elevate the status of Batu Puteh as a prime destination for nature lovers, conservationists, and tourists seeking immersive travel experiences.

By investing in sustainable practices and local employment, KOPEL ensures that tourism growth will continue to benefit the community long after the tourists have returned home. The goal is to maintain the delicate balance between preserving the natural environment and providing opportunities for economic development, ensuring that the next generation of residents can continue to thrive.

Conclusion: A Model for Community-Based Tourism

The story of Mukim Batu Puteh is a powerful example of how community-based tourism can transform both a local economy and the lives of the people who live there. By embracing sustainable tourism practices and environmental stewardship, KOPEL has created a model that offers a path to long-term success for Western Sabah. As the community continues to grow and evolve, the role of eco-tourism in Batu Puteh will remain central to its future, helping to ensure that this stunning region is preserved for generations to come.